Friday, October 21, 2011

Are Polar Bears Facing A Tough Future?

By Alice Nance


There is something very special and charming about polar bears. Especially the cubs, in their white, thick coat, look cuddly and adorable. In truth, they are the biggest and most powerful bears on the planet. And sadly, they are dangerously close to be included in the endangered species list.

Polar bears are definitely beautiful animals. Unfortunately, they are under a lot of pressure as a species due to climate change in the Arctic. Receding ice and pollution issues are leading to concerns polar bears may be facing extinction. To better understand polar bears, here's an overview of this amazing animal.

Just as penguins are only found in Antarctica, polar bears only make their home in the Arctic circle. Because of this, they are particularly vulnerable to environmental changes in the Arctic.

Polar bears are the largest bears on the planet, and they weigh over 400 pounds. They are primarily solitary creatures. Seal is the main food on their menu, but they will adjust to other choices if needed. Something very unique about polar bears is that they get all the water they need from their food, and they never drink. They obtain the water necessary to their survival from their food.

The beautiful white coats of polar bears are famous all over the world. As it turns out, the coat of the polar bear is not white. The hairs of the polar bear are actually colorless tubes that absorb and reflect light, giving the coat its white color. The skin of the polar bear is black, just like their nose. Some believe that the hollow tubes of a polar bear's skin act like fiber optics in a cell phone. This is just a myth, but it is a good visual to understand the nature of the hairs themselves.

Polar bear moms usually give birth during the last two months of the year. They almost always give birth to twins. When it is time to do so, the mothers will dig dens out of the snow and ice. The mother and her cubs will remain in the den without food until the cubs are ready to go.

When born, polar bear cubs are absolutely tiny. They weigh less than a pound which is amazing, since they often end up weighing over a thousand pounds as adults. After birth, the mother will stay with the cubs for two years and train them in all aspects of polar bear etiquette. After that period, they are masters of their own fate. The fathers take no part in the raising of the cubs.

As with many animals, polar bears have some unique characteristics. Polar bears often walk 40 miles and swim 60 miles each day. When they hunt seal, they will stay over a breathing hole and then wait until the seal comes up for air. At that point, the seal is swatted with the left paw (nobody really knows why they always use the left paw). After the meal is over, they can usually go about five days before they hunt again.

At the time that this article is being written, polar bears are unfortunately having to deal with changing conditions in the Arctic environment. As ice melts, polar bears are losing their only home. New research indicates that there are only about 25,000 polar bears still in existence.




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